Free System Mechanic

When a person is cut, there is an immediate cascade of reactions resulting in the formation of a blood clot. Molecules called fibrinogen are altered, with small sections being snipped off, allowing them to join together in long chains. These chains then line up and form thick, rigid fibres called fibrin. The final clot is made up of a fibrous network which traps platelets (fragments of cells) and red blood cells, stemming the flow of blood from the damaged area. This process of preventing blood loss is known as hemostasis.

Disorders in the Blood Clotting System

Throughout the evolution of this highly sophisticated system, genetic faults and diseases have emerged that circumvent the clotting mechanism. Haemophiliacs, for example, lack one type of molecule involved in the clotting reaction, and tricks by other animals can disrupt our clotting ability, such as the hindrance of clot formation by the saliva of both snakes and mosquitos.

Blood Clots Have Different Characteristics

Not all blood clots are the same - some are tight and compact, others are sparse and flexible, and forming the right one in the right circumstances can be a matter of life and death. If a clot is too stiff, the body will have trouble breaking it down when the wound has healed. A clot that is too compliant will not stop the flow of blood from the wound.